Theophylline is a naturally occurring methylxanthine alkaloid related to Caffeine and found in small amounts in tea leaves of Camellia sinensis; it has been widely used as a bronchodilator in the treatment of respiratory conditions such as Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. It was first isolated in 1888 by German chemist Albrecht Kossel and later synthesized in 1895 by Emil Fischer, marking its importance in early pharmaceutical chemistry and therapeutic development.
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